Family : Capparaceae

English : Three leaved caper

Hindi : Barin, Barna

Gujarati : Vayvarno

Sanskrit : Varuna

Part used : Bark

Botanical Description:  A medium sized deciduous much branched tree, leaves digitately 3 foliate, leaflets ovate, lanceolate or obovate, glabrous on both surfaces, pale beneath, lateral leaflets oblique at the base; flowers large, greenish white, polygamous, indense terminal corymbs, stamnes spreading longer than the petals, gynophore about 5 cm long, fruit fleshy, ovoid berry with a hard rough rind; seeds brown embedded in pulp. Flowering and fruiting January to May.
It is found throughhout India, especially along river banks

Modern Pharmacological Action: The bark has anti-inflammatory activity. The extract of varuna displays antibacterial activity against Shigella and Salmonella. It cures chronic urinary infection and urinary electrolyte excretion. Its decoction reduces the urinary excretion of sodium and magnesium. It was also found to increase the ‘spontaneous’ passage of renal and bladder calculi.